The Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) fact sheet provides an understanding of the causes, symptoms and diagnosis of IPF. The resource provides information to support with symptom management and provides an overview of the treatments available for IPF.
IPF is a lung disease where the tissue around the air sacs (alveoli) becomes thickened and scarred, making the lungs stiff and breathing difficult. This scarring reduces oxygen delivery to the bloodstream.
Symptoms of IPF include shortness of breath, particularly noticeable when walking up hills or climbing stairs, a dry and persistent cough sometimes accompanied by clear phlegm, reduced exercise capacity, breathlessness during usual activities, fatigue, and gradual unintended weight loss.
IPF typically affects older adults and is more common in men. While it can run in families, this is rare and can be investigated through genetic testing.
Each person’s experience with IPF is unique. Some may remain stable for years, while others may decline rapidly or experience sudden worsening followed by stable periods. The disease is progressive and irreversible, leading to a general decline over time.
Treatment and management options for IPF include anti-fibrotic medicines such as Pirfenidone and Nintedanib, which can slow disease progression but may have side effects like diarrhoea, skin rash, or reflux.
Oxygen therapy is prescribed for low oxygen levels to help with breathlessness and staying active. In some cases, lung transplantation may be considered after a detailed assessment. Participation in clinical trials for new treatments is also an option.
Pulmonary rehabilitation, which includes a program of exercise, education, and support, helps manage breathlessness and maintain well-being. Lifestyle and support measures are also crucial for managing IPF, including staying active, eating well, quitting smoking and maintaining a positive attitude. Emotional support for anxiety and depression is also essential for overall well-being. For more information and support visit www.lungfoundation.com.au
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