Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis can be an infection (latent or sleeping tuberculosis) or disease (active tuberculosis). It is caused by bacteria and affects the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body. Only people with active tuberculosis can spread the disease to other people. It can be transmitted from tiny droplets from coughing, talking or yelling and the bacteria is contagious while in the air, however not on surfaces. Some communities within Australia may be more likely to be diagnosed with tuberculosis, such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples or people living in lower socio-economic areas.

The Tuberculosis fact sheet provides an overview of what tuberculosis is and how many people are diagnosed with tuberculosis, and covers topics including:

• How is tuberculosis spread? 
• What is the difference between tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease? 
• What are the common symptoms of tuberculosis disease? 
• How is tuberculosis diagnosed? 
• How is tuberculosis spread? 
• Public health notification and contact tracing  
• Supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with tuberculosis, and  
• What should I do if I think I have tuberculosis? 

Tuberculosis is curable and preventable. Healthcare professionals will work with each person to decide on the most suitable treatment plan that is individualised. In Australia, treatment is free of charge through public health tuberculosis services. Local health service or Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations may also provide additional support.

Lung Foundation Australia acknowledge the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Protection Tuberculosis Working Group for their clinical advice and expertise to develop this resource.

The information in this fact sheet is intended as a general guide and health information only and is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. Talk to your healthcare professional about your symptoms and treatment options. You can also contact our Information and Support Centre on 1800 654 301 for support.